Friday, October 27, 2017

Lowry's Best


Lowry's Best - 100 lb flour sack
No, "Lowry's Best" is not about creating a Lowry "Who's Who". Lowry's Best, in fact, does not refer to any person or persons. I suspect the label was "borrowed" from the world famous "Pillsbury's Best". Yes, "Lowry's Best" was a flour sack.


From the Glenwood Herald 1917:
One of the busiest business institutions of the village is the Lowry Roller Mills. During a large part of the year they work both day and night shifts. Their flour and other products find a ready market throughout this section of the state. The mill is owned by Misensol and Leslie, two of Lowry's most substantial and progressive business men. [Editor note: The mill was originally established by Martin Bartos about 1900]



Lowry Roller Mill at the north end of Main Street (Pope County Historical photo)
1912 ad from The American Miller


Looking south (Pope County Historical photo)

Perhaps the biggest fire in the history of Lowry occurred Feb. 27, 1937, when the well-known Lowry Roller Mills burned to the ground

1937 ashes with lumber yard and elevator in the background
(author's collection)

".. That certainly was a tough break that the mill burned. I’d like to be home and see the wreckage." [find more insightful comments in 'The Oliver Letters' post]





The mill burned to the ground in 1937 (well before my time by the way). Flour mills with their floating mist of explosive flour dust are notorious fire hazards. In 1878, Minneapolis' "Washburn A Mill", the largest flour mill in the world at the time, spectacularly exploded, the flour dust ignited by a spark from grinding millstones. This triggered a series of explosions causing the death of 18 workers. (see mnopedia article)


Mill City Museum home page

Minneapolis' "Mill City Museum", which opened in 2003, incorporates the ruins of the A Mill. It is right next to the Guthrie Theater. Worth a visit.




Lowry Mill interior (Minnesota History Center photo)




It is highly likely that a flour dust explosion, though on a smaller scale, happened that winter day at the Lowry Roller Mill.  The mill was not rebuilt. I've wondered why, but this happened during the depths of the Great Depression, so perhaps it is not so surprising.




Mill Fire Memories

Lowry Depot [author's collection]
[Editor note: What follows are Roy Robieson's eyewitness memories of the Lowry Roller Mill fire, transcribed from the Dec 2, 1982 issue of the Pope County Tribune. Roy passed away in 2014. In 1937, Roy was a 10 year old living in the Lowry Train Depot where his father Jim was depot agent. The depot was roughly 100 yards north of the mill site next to the Soo Line tracks. This article is also available on lowrymn.com site - submitted by Doris Robieson Hoplin.] 





The Lowry Roller Mills was a regionally famous institution during the early part of the 20th century. I don't know when it was built, perhaps before the turn of the century, but it was a formidable, white, wood frame structure, located in the northern part of town, not far from the railroad depot.

The mill was about 50 feet high and counting lean-tos and outbuildings, it must have covered nearly an acre of ground. It housed unbelievable machinery; shafts, pulleys, belts, flywheels, grain sifters, elevating buckets and whatnot, all driven by a master diesel engine. More than once that engine scared the devil out of me when it backfired during its start-up process. Diesels were hard to start in those days and a backfire, followed by a huge cloud of smoke, could be heard and seen from all around the town.


I recall that the floors of the mill were polished smooth, no doubt from the friction of the countless, heavy bags of grain that were dragged over them year after year.
Lowry Roller Mills brought choice, locally-grown wheat and refined it into excellent flour that became widely renowned for its quality. The flour was shipped by rail to many far-flung distribution centers and was trucked by the mill's big "White" truck to regional areas in central Minnesota. I am told that the Glenwood Bakery used 30 sacks of white, Lowry Roller Mills four every day during the 1920s.


The "Mill Truck" with its green-painted, wooden box was garaged overnight in a lean-to on the north side of the mill. The truck was always backed into the garage. I suppose the truck being so long for its day, it would create a traffic hazard if it were backed out of the garage into the Main street of Lowry. Strange though, I don't recall any fast and heavy traffic on Lowry's pot-holed, graveled, main street, vintage 1937. More than likely, backing the truck into the garage posed a challenge to the driver that could not be resisted or was it done so that a quick get-away would be possible in case of fire?

The mill directly supported four prominent families in Lowry and provided a market for thousands of bushels of red wheat grown in the nearby area. Double-boxes of wheat, pulled by teams of horses, were often seen lined up at the mill, waiting to be off-loaded.

Someone returning to Lowry after attending, perhaps a dance, at Kensington on a cold Friday night in Feb. 1937, noted a fire in the lower reaches of the mill. He sounded the fire alarm and the Lowry volunteer fire fighters responded, but by that time the fire had jumped to the upper part of the structure. The water tower and modern fire-fighting equipment were still just a gleam in the eye of the village council then and the old town hall fire pumper wouldn't throw a great volume of water 50 feet height.

An emergency call for help was rushed to the Glenwood fire fighters but when they arrived the fire was out of control (new highway 55 was not completed at that time). Fortunately, the wind that night was light -- northwest about 10 miles per hour. It was strong enough, though, to carry flaming embers, generated by the fire and hurled aloft by the vicious thermal currents, more than one-half mile.

The whole town was quickly aroused to the specter. The mill was a goner, that was sure, but could any of the nearby wood structures be saved? Two restaurants across main street from the mill were in peril and no hope was held for a 4-plex apartment house just 100 feet downwind. The families living within quickly moved all their possessions outside.

The two fire-fighting groups, united under the direction of the Glenwood fire chief, knowing that the mill was lost, re-directed their efforts toward saving nearby structures. Unbelievable! They were 100 per cent successful in that effort. Except for the mill and its adjacent machine shop, no other structure was lost. A fire did start in the basement of Kasper's store nearby but Bob Kasper was alert to the possible danger and quickly extinguished the fire.

I was nearly 10 years old when this event took place The railroad depot, where we lived, was upwind so it was not threatened. we, (my mother, my younger sisters and I), watched the fire in awe from our kitchen window. Two of my older brothers were busy, stationed on downwind roofs, throwing off burning embers carried there by the wind. My oldest brother faced real trouble. His wood-framed  restaurant (and combined apartment home) was just across the main street from the mill. He claimed that water, sprayed onto his building from the fire hoses, sizzled because the sheet metal facing of the building was so hot, and candy bars in the showcase near the front of the building melted from the heat of the fire. The plate glass windows on the front of his restaurant were cracked by the heat. Had my brother's restaurant burned, without doubt, the adjacent post office, meat market and hardware store would have followed. I don't remember what happened to the old "Mill Truck."


Roy Robieson



Copyright © 2017 Dave Hoplin

Wednesday, October 18, 2017

Doris the Riveter

Doris Robieson Hoplin - A "Rosie the Riveter" Story




4 Rosies in Sacramento 

Those of a certain age will find this story familiar, but there are fewer and fewer of those of a certain age.  It is a story that should not be forgotten.

In 1941, America entered WWII with a drastically under-manned military, less than 1/2 million men in uniform vs 8 million in the Wehrmacht and 2 million in the Japanese Imperial Army. A rapid military ramp-up coinciding with a massive industrial effort led to a severe shortage of workers in America's factories. This marked the beginning of the "Rosie the Riveter" phenomenon. Between 1940 and 1945, nearly 20 million American women went to work in various war-related jobs. By 1944, 475,000 women worked in the aircraft industry, 65% of that sector's workforce. 


Public domain image

The iconic "Rosie the Riveter" image was coined in a song of the same name written by Red Evans & John Loeb and popularized by the big band of Kay Kyser. The inspiration for the song is disputed. It may have been Rosalind Walter, who worked the night shift building F4U Corsair fighters, or Rosie Bonavita in San Diego, but the iconic red kerchiefed Rosie posters became most closely associated with Rose Monroe, who worked at Michigan's Willow Run factory building B-24's. Rosie was also the subject of a documentary film, "The Life and Times of Rosie the Riveter" and a Hollywood drama, "Rosie the Riveter". 

Norman Rockwell put Rosie on the cover of the Saturday Evening Post in 1943. It proved so popular that the War Department used it during War Bond Drives. [Editor note: the original Rosie the Riveter Rockwell painting sold for ~$5 million in 2002]. And Rosie was featured in other propaganda posters, the most famous being the "We Can Do It" poster

[Editor note: there was also a lesser known "Wendy the Welder" by Norman Rockwell.]  


"You came out to California, put on your pants, and took your lunch pail to a man’s job. This was the beginning of women’s feeling that they could be something more."
SYBIL LEWIS, RIVETER FOR LOCKHEED

[Editor note: Even if you read no further, take a look at a WWII Rosie photo album in colorized on mashable.com.]

In addition to the civilian workers, nearly 400,000 women served in the U.S. armed forces, including 60,000 nurses. [see my series of 8 posts on WWII Army nurse, Othelia Rosten's Story of the 95th Evac Division]



Doris in Lowry next to a war bond poster
My aunt Doris was Lowry's "Rosie". During WWII, she worked for the U. S. Army Air Force in the manufacturing department in Sacramento and San Bernadino, California. "Doris the Riveter" doesn't have the alliteration of Rosie ... and she didn't drive rivets, but hers is real and specific case of the contribution the women of America made to the war effort. 









Editor note: The following account is edited from Robieson family stories.

Doris worked making parts to repair the shot up planes that came in to McClellan Army Air Force Base in Sacramento, CA., a maintenance, repair and training facility. [Editor note: Jimmy Doolittle's B-24 bombers were retrofitted at McClellan to be "carrier based" planes for his raid on Tokyo in 1942]

She never actually worked on airplane construction – rather making the parts. At times she was asked to hold a part that was likely on a wing, where they needed someone with very small hands. She might hold a rivet while someone pounded it in place. It was a dirty job, sometimes the planes came in all blood spattered.

But her story didn’t start on the West Coast. When she was seventeen she went by train to Portsmouth, Virginia with Uncle Jim and Aunt Verona to help take care of Jane and Joan while Verona got the house set up. Doris said she did a lot of caring for Jane and Joan. She remembers that she turned eighteen while in Virginia and fully intended to get a job on the East Coast.

But Grandma Ellen came down with encephalitis (sleeping sickness) and Grandpa asked Doris to come home to help out. Doris came back to Lowry where she got the twins off to school, made Grandpa’s breakfast, milked the cow, etc. She also worked at the Lowry Implement office and helped put machinery together. There were no men around to work with the war so they asked if Doris could please help out. The farmers couldn’t get new machinery because of the war, so they had to fix used machines and got parts wherever they could. 

Then Claude Middents, the Lowry Druggist, asked if Doris could please come over at noon to cover the shop so the druggist could go home to eat lunch. Uncle Francis worked at the drug store some too. So she had three jobs.

One day, Grandpa Jim told her that a guy would come talk to her and that she should listen to him. Apparently Grandpa knew who and what this was about. The man explained that they were looking for girls to train for the war effort in a six week course in Glenwood. They could take classes in radio, sheet metal, etc. Doris chose sheet metal. She still has some of the things she made in class. She made two dustpans with long handles and gave one to Grandpa Jim that he used in his office in the depot. The other one was used upstairs in the living quarters. They were well built and will last forever.

After the training in Glenwood, about ten girls went by train to McClellan Field in Sacramento, California where they worked making plane parts. There was a call for people to go work in Hawaii. But some guys told the girls that they didn’t want to work in Hawaii because of the blackouts – there would be no movies, no nightlife after work. So they transferred to San Bernadino Air Depot, which became Norton Air Force Base in 1948. Here she was closer to Uncle Clarence who occasionally took her out for dinner. While there, the girls had easy access to Los Angeles and San Diego that had parks and things to do on weekends, which they always had off.

As the war was wrapping up, Doris and four others quit their job and planned to take the bus home the next day. But after thinking harder, she knew her dad would have a fit if she took a bus. So she decided to take the train instead. Uncle Clarence and a friend popped in and Doris said the girls were all packed and planned to take the bus, but Doris would take the train the next day. Uncle Clarence asked ‘What’s wrong with taking the train today?” So they went shopping for some bread and things to make sandwiches for the trip and when they got to the train station with just half an hour to spare. She got on and left just like that.

She talked about the beautiful train trip through the mountains. Many years later she and Uncle Bud flew to Denver and took the Amtrak train to the Emeryville stop, near San Francisco. From there they rented a car and drove to LA. She had researched the Thomas Gainsborough painting ‘The Blue Boy’ and finding it wasn’t in Great Britain where she had thought, rather it was in a private museum in Los
Angeles, one of the reasons for the trip. She got to see the painting and they flew home from there.

When Doris quit her Rosie job, she went to Minneapolis where it was easy to get jobs in the city.  Jeanne Robieson Bennett was working at Abbott Hospital and had a davenport that opened up to a bed, so she could move in with Jeanne and help pay rent. Ruby Robieson Bennett lived on the same block as Northwestern Hospital across 26th street. There were a lot of old houses that had lots of rooms rented out to working girls. One room opened up and Doris lived with Ruby for a while. Doris went to work for Ewald Brothers' Dairy of "Golden Guernsey" fame and was one of the Ewald girls featured in their advertising. 



Doris was glad they finally gave Rosie the recognition she deserved. A few years ago, she was asked to write up what she remembered and sent it in. She believes the information collected was used for a Rosie the Riveter display in Burlington, Washington. And Ken Burns was coming to either St. Cloud or Luverne, Minnesota collect personal accounts of the war for a seven part, 14-hour long documentary called ‘The War’ that aired in 2007 on public TV and premiered in Luverne, Minnesota.  Luverne along with Sacramento, Mobile & Waterbury were the 4 towns featured in the series. Doris wasn’t interviewed for that but the documentary is available on Netflix

Doris passed away on Feb 16, 2019, age 95.
Copyright © 2017 Dave Hoplin

Sources:
Robieson's "Doris' Rosie the Riveter" story
History.com http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/rosie-the-riveter
Ken Burns "The War" Sacramento http://www.pbs.org/thewar/the_witnesses_towns_sacramento.htm

Tuesday, October 10, 2017

Lowry Pioneers


Minnesota Historical Society photo


The water tower says 1886, but other sources say 1887. So, we'll go with the water tower.

In any case, in 1887, Lowry, for a brief time, became the western terminus of the Minneapolis, St. Paul & Ste. Sault Marie railway, known by it's english pronunciation "Soo". The date probably doesn't matter that much except for centennial celebrations, but either '86 or '87 marked the beginnings of the Village of Lowry.





Ben Wade, as it was then known, became a railway branch point, had a roundhouse and railroad shop. This eventually moved to Glenwood. The Village of Lowry was named for the then president of the "Soo Line", Thomas Lowry, who went on to Minneapolis streetcar fame and wealth.


1960's Soo Line Railway map


The village was sited on portions of the farms of Hugh Bryce and Thomas Hume. Lowry was initially part of the town of Ben Wade and did not incorporate as a village until 1896.


ancestry.com photo

ancestry.com photo


Both Hugh Bryce and Thomas Hume were Scotsmen, moving to Pope County from Canada about 1870. Hugh Bryce farmed but also had a freighting business, delivering goods on the "Red River Trail" to Fort Gary (Winnipeg) and other military outposts in the northwest.  The current Soo Line railway parallels that early pioneer oxcart trail.



ancestry.com record


Another Scotsman, August Lysen, appointed in 1899, was the Lowry postmaster for nearly 30 years.



So, Lowry has deep Scottish roots.


However, the first town council president was Martin Bartos, a Bohemian.
Martin Bartos
ancestry.com photo
Martin partnered in the creation of the Lowry Roller Mills flour milling company. The mill was later purchased by Leslie & Misenol who operated until it burned to the ground in 1937.

Minnesota Historical Society photo



Mill ashes. Author's collection


Hugh Bryce, E.R. Benson and Palmer Cox were on the original town council. According to census records, E.R. (Ed) Benson was the son of Swedish immigrants and worked as a cattle buyer and in 1930 had a radio set.

Palmer Cox
ancestry.com photo


As far as I can tell, Palmer Cox was the first hardware merchant in Lowry. The hardware dates from 1897 but its history, at least through 1916 is fuzzy.  It was owned by Palmer Cox in 1897. And then became Cox & Shermack.  I don't know what "Shermack" that might be.



From the 1897 "Age of Steel", hardware news.



The Lowry Hardware, Furniture & Machinery Company came into existence in 1904 with directors Wencel Bisek, John J Hagstrom, Fred E Robinson, Iver M Engebretson and Luther L Gibbon.

From the 1904 "Hardware Magazine".






At some point, ownership or management passed to "Stark & Anderson". I know this because of a purchase agreement in 1916 between them and my grandfather, Ole Hoplin, and great uncle, David Nelson, when the business became Hoplin & Nelson Hardware, Furniture and Machinery Co. (see my posts "A Good Place To Trade" and "Hoplin & Nelson Hardware").

William McIver, another Scot and progenitor of a number of Lowry notables, was an early merchant, partnering with Thomas Hume to establish a mercantile which operated for 70+ years, and came to be known as "McIver's Store" in my day. [see the interesting McIver Family History]

John J Hagstrom was the village's first implement dealer. Lowry residents of a certain age will remember "Happy" Hagstrom. [correction: "Happy" was John's son]

Pope County Historical Museum photo
Rebuilt after the 1911 fire

James Simpson, an Irishman by way of Canada, operated one of the first cooperative creameries in the state of Minnesota.

Pope County Historical Museum photo

Dr. L.L. (Luther Llewelyn) Gibbon, a beloved local physician, came to Lowry in 1897. Doc Gibbon graduated from the University of Minnesota, College of Medicine and Surgery in 1896 and practiced in Lowry from 1897 to his death in 1930. Doc Gibbon served as a surgeon in the medical corps in France in WWI. His surgery skills were so renowned that Starbuck Hospital drew patients from as far as South Dakota. My uncle Donald L. Hoplin shared his middle name in honor of the good doctor. When Doc Gibbon died of a stroke in 1930, this as the Great Depression was making for difficult times, his wife Anna, "allowed" my grandfather to buy Doc's old mammoth Hudson for $400. I don't believe that vehicle was ever driven in that decade. Cost prohibitive.

From the 1908 Minnesota Who's Who:
GIBBON, Luther, physician; born at Norwood, N. Y., March 29. 1875; son of Alfred Henry and Mary Jane (Gant) Gibbon: came to Minnesota. 1882; educated in public schools of Minneapolis: Minneapolis Academy; University of Minnesota. College of Medicine and Surgery, graduating, degree of M.D., 1896. In practice at Lowry since Nov. 8, 1897. Unmarried. Address: Lowry, Minn. 
[Editor note: Dr. Gibbon married Anna about 1912] 

There were a few Scandinavians around. The bank that was to become "Lowry State Bank" was established in 1899 and chartered in 1907 with Andrew Jacobson as president, succeeded by Iver Engebretson in 1926 who served as cashier until assuming the presidency. Iver was certainly "involved" in the Village of Lowry.

From the 1908 Minnesota Who's Who:
ENGEBRETSON, Iver Martin, banking; born at Ben Wade, Minn., March 11, 1877; son of Pedor and Anna (Ronning) Engebretson; educated in district schools of Pope Co., Minn., and state high schools of Glenwood, Alexandria and St. Cloud. Unmarried. Began in banking business Oct., 1899 and is cashier of Bank of Lowry; director and treasurer Lowry Telephone Co.; director Lowry Hardware, Furniture and Machine Co., Northwestern Mortgage Security Co. of Fargo. Was first Sargt. Co. M, 13th Minn. Vol. Inf., Spanish-American war and in the Philippines; treasurer village of Lowry; ex-president village council. Member Norwegian Lutheran Synod, M. W. A., Court of Honor. Address: Lowry, Minn. 
[Editor note: Iver married Sarah Jane Andrew in 1910]


Natural Disasters


Per the Glenwood Herald: In July 1897, Lowry was struck by a tornado, destroying the northern part of the town killing Samuel Morrow and his daughter and injuring several people and sweeping away the depot, lumber yard and the elevator. Damages estimated at $50,000.

Per the Glenwood Herald: In November 1911, the east side of main street was completely destroyed by fire. Destroyed were the Mercantile, Drug Store & JJ Hagstrom's Implement. Damages estimated in excess of $40,000. (Note: This is why all the east side buildings are brick and the west side mostly wooden structures.)
See my posts ("Main Street - West Side" and "Main Street - East Side" ).

And an unnatural disaster in 1915.  See Sid Stivland's post "Mayhem in Ben Wade Township".


Copyright © 2017 Dave Hoplin


Note:  Additions and corrections are welcome.  Please comment.

Sources:
Builders of Pope County - Daisy Ellen Hughes
Pope County Museum
www.mnopedia.com
wikimedia commons  - wikimedia.org
ancestry.com (public genealogy trees)
Minnesota History Center - mnhs.org
Lowry Centennial 1886-1986
Lowry Group website - lowrymn.com
Glenwood Herald
1897 Age of Steel (Google books)
1904 Hardware magazine (Google books)
1908 Minnesota Who's Who (Google books)